chengshiwanghongxianxiangshijiyuhulianwangpingtaichuanboerxingchengdeyizhongteshudeshehuiwenhuaxianxiang。suiranxinmeitidetuidongshiqijuyouyidingdeouranxing,dancongshencengciyanbianluojideshijiaolaikan,yifangmian,chengshiwanghongxianxiangjishichengshibentuwenhuachangqijileihoudebiranchengxian,yeshijieshibentuwenhuazaixinshidaibuduanchuanchengyunulichuangxinguochengdeyigejingcaicemian;另一方麵,城市本土文化的創新程度、力度和深度,對城市網紅現象發展的持續性、多麵性和迭代性亦將產生重要影響。
城市網紅現象是互聯網時代的一種文化現象
所謂城市文化現象,是指城市發展過程中呈現出來的一種外部狀態和內在聯係,具有個別、具體、可(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)觀(guan)察(cha)和(he)經(jing)驗(yan)性(xing)等(deng)特(te)點(dian)。它(ta)是(shi)城(cheng)市(shi)經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會(hui)發(fa)展(zhan)到(dao)一(yi)定(ding)階(jie)段(duan)後(hou),人(ren)們(men)精(jing)神(shen)文(wen)化(hua)需(xu)求(qiu)不(bu)斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)的(de)產(chan)物(wu)。這(zhe)裏(li)所(suo)指(zhi)的(de)網(wang)紅(hong)現(xian)象(xiang),是(shi)指(zhi)在(zai)網(wang)絡(luo)平(ping)台(tai)上(shang)積(ji)累(lei)了(le)大(da)量(liang)粉(fen)絲(si)與(yu)關(guan)注(zhu)的(de)個(ge)人(ren)或(huo)團(tuan)體(ti),通(tong)過(guo)社(she)交(jiao)媒(mei)體(ti)展(zhan)示(shi)生(sheng)活(huo)、才藝、觀點等內容,形成的一種新的文化現象。近年來,網紅逐漸由個人或團體向實物、事件、方式等全方位滲透,逐漸演化為一種時尚的城市網紅現象。因此,城市網紅現象可理解為,一個城市因自身某種特質,如實物、shijianhuojuminshenghuofangshidengbeiwangminpubianguanzhu,congershunjianhuoduanqineizaixianshangxianxiazouhong,naizhibaohong,jinerxiyinrenmenjingxiangqianwangdakadeyizhongteshudechengshiwenhuaxianxiang。congliuzhoudeluosifen、長沙的茶顏悅色到淄博的燒烤、天水的麻辣燙,從哈爾濱的冰雪到山西的《黑神話:悟空》,yijidangqianchixuhuobaodeshanghaiwukangdalou,wuburuci。jinguanchengshiwanghongxianxiangcengchubuqiong,lingrenyanhualiaoluan,danshibunanfaxian,chengshiwanghongxianxiangjishiyizuochengshizaiwenhuafazhanzhongdaiyouzishentezheng,bingjuyoudianxingxinghebiaozhixingzuoyongdeshijian,youshidazhongzaigongtongxuyao、共同心理和共同情緒綜合驅使下形成並不斷演化的一種泛文化市場消費新氣象,同時還具有互聯網時代主客共享的娛樂消費特征。
在zai互hu聯lian網wang技ji術shu推tui動dong下xia形xing成cheng的de城cheng市shi網wang紅hong現xian象xiang不bu僅jin吸xi引yin了le大da量liang關guan注zhu,而er且qie產chan生sheng了le一yi係xi列lie綜zong合he性xing文wen旅lv市shi場chang融rong合he消xiao費fei效xiao應ying。從cong文wen化hua傳chuan承cheng角jiao度du看kan,城cheng市shi網wang紅hong現xian象xiang承cheng載zai著zhe城cheng市shi的de曆li史shi記ji憶yi、地域特色和人文情懷,通過互聯網平台形成特殊的放大效應,使更多人了解和關注到城市的文化底蘊、人文魅力和優秀傳統。從一定程度上講,城市網紅現象是一座城市文化軟實力的集中展示。
城市網紅現象是文化傳承的集中體現
就文化傳承而言,“傳”是記錄、保護、保存、延長、延續,而“承”則是繼承、發揚,還包括轉化和創新。
在zai江jiang南nan地di區qu,上shang海hai的de城cheng市shi文wen化hua具ju有you一yi定ding的de獨du特te性xing。事shi實shi上shang,在zai上shang海hai城cheng市shi內nei部bu也ye存cun在zai著zhe小xiao尺chi度du區qu域yu的de文wen化hua差cha異yi性xing。如ru外wai灘tan的de近jin代dai萬wan國guo建jian築zhu群qun、豫園的明清建築群、新天地的新式裏弄建築群、田子坊的傳統石庫門建築群,以及武康路的西式風情公寓和別墅建築群等,從文化角度講,都具有比較清晰的不同特征;從遊客角度看,在上述街區活動,所獲取的觀賞感與體驗感也有較大差異。
以(yi)近(jin)年(nian)來(lai)比(bi)較(jiao)火(huo)爆(bao)的(de)上(shang)海(hai)武(wu)康(kang)大(da)樓(lou)所(suo)在(zai)街(jie)區(qu)為(wei)例(li)。從(cong)建(jian)築(zhu)特(te)色(se)看(kan),武(wu)康(kang)大(da)樓(lou)是(shi)近(jin)代(dai)著(zhu)名(ming)匈(xiong)牙(ya)利(li)設(she)計(ji)師(shi)鄔(wu)達(da)克(ke)的(de)作(zuo)品(pin),已(yi)有(you)百(bai)年(nian)曆(li)史(shi),是(shi)世(shi)界(jie)城(cheng)市(shi)中(zhong)僅(jin)剩(sheng)的(de)為(wei)數(shu)不(bu)多(duo)的(de)船(chuan)型(xing)建(jian)築(zhu)之(zhi)一(yi)。其(qi)門(men)廊(lang)、轉角、窗楣、天tian井jing等deng細xi節jie,處chu處chu凸tu顯xian建jian築zhu美mei學xue和he景jing觀guan藝yi術shu價jia值zhi。從cong街jie區qu文wen化hua看kan,以yi武wu康kang大da樓lou為wei核he心xin的de武wu康kang路lu展zhan現xian了le老lao上shang海hai風feng情qing與yu新xin時shi代dai時shi尚shang有you機ji交jiao織zhi的de多duo元yuan化hua場chang景jing。武wu康kang大da樓lou周zhou邊bian街jie區qu保bao留liu了le許xu多duo曆li史shi建jian築zhu,流liu傳chuan著zhe近jin代dai以yi來lai許xu多duo名ming人ren的de傳chuan說shuo,同tong時shi又you融rong入ru了le諸zhu多duo現xian代dai商shang業ye元yuan素su,形xing成cheng了le獨du特te的de街jie區qu商shang旅lv文wen協xie調tiao配pei置zhi的de服fu務wu業ye態tai。這zhe裏li既ji有you凸tu顯xian海hai派pai複fu古gu風feng情qing的de咖ka啡fei館guan,也ye有you緊jin跟gen國guo際ji先xian鋒feng時shi尚shang的de潮chao流liu店dian,近jin百bai年nian來lai一yi直zhi為wei武wu康kang大da樓lou居ju民min服fu務wu的de紫zi羅luo蘭lan美mei發fa廳ting至zhi今jin仍reng在zai開kai門men迎ying客ke。遊you客ke漫man步bu其qi中zhong,不bu僅jin能neng觸chu摸mo到dao街jie區qu曆li史shi的de文wen化hua沉chen澱dian,還hai可ke感gan受shou到dao現xian代dai城cheng市shi生sheng活huo的de濃nong鬱yu氣qi息xi。從cong區qu域yu風feng情qing看kan,武wu康kang路lu依yi然ran保bao留liu著zhe濃nong鬱yu的de傳chuan統tong生sheng活huo方fang式shi,並bing展zhan示shi著zhe獨du特te的de街jie區qu風feng情qing。在zai武wu康kang大da樓lou,居ju民min無wu論lun吃chi早zao點dian、喝he下xia午wu茶cha,還hai是shi操cao著zhe帶dai有you鮮xian明ming吳wu儂nong軟ruan語yu特te點dian的de上shang海hai話hua,無wu不bu讓rang人ren感gan受shou到dao一yi種zhong地di道dao的de上shang海hai市shi井jing風feng情qing,吸xi引yin人ren們men放fang慢man腳jiao步bu,留liu下xia來lai盡jin享xiang美mei好hao休xiu閑xian時shi刻ke。近jin年nian來lai,在zai城cheng市shi網wang紅hong效xiao應ying的de帶dai動dong下xia,武wu康kang大da樓lou逐zhu漸jian成cheng為wei熱re門men打da卡ka地di,不bu僅jin吸xi引yin了le大da量liang國guo內nei外wai遊you客ke慕mu名ming前qian來lai,而er且qie帶dai動dong了le周zhou邊bian商shang業ye的de協xie調tiao發fa展zhan,為wei互hu聯lian網wang時shi代dai城cheng市shi文wen化hua傳chuan承cheng與yu創chuang新xin提ti供gong了le新xin的de發fa展zhan樣yang本ben。
文化創新是城市網紅走向長紅的重要保障
不可否認的是,不少城市的網紅現象往往開局即巔峰,破圈之後便是落寞。能否跳出這條“網紅周期律”,值得思考。
城市網紅走向長紅,關鍵在於文化的持續創新。創新是文化發展的靈魂,隻有守正創新,才能永葆文化的生命力、吸引力和競爭力。進一步分析城市網紅現象可以發現,那些能夠持續走紅、長盛不衰的城市網紅現象,一方麵,是因為立足於深厚的本土文化資源,擁有挖掘地方特色文化的能力;另ling一yi方fang麵mian,在zai於yu能neng夠gou持chi續xu突tu破po自zi我wo,不bu斷duan推tui陳chen出chu新xin,優you化hua具ju有you地di域yu特te色se的de文wen化hua產chan品pin體ti係xi和he服fu務wu配pei套tao設she施shi,針zhen對dui性xing滿man足zu網wang紅hong打da卡ka一yi族zu的de消xiao費fei心xin理li、qingxujiazhiyuwenhuagongmingxuqiu,congershixianquyuwenhuayouzhukegongxiangxiangzhukegongchuangdezhuanbian。wenhuachuangxinjikeyishiduichuantongwenhuadewajuehezaichuangzao,yekeyishiyuxiandaiyuansuderonghehexinzuhe,congerzaichuantongwenhuadejichushang,xingchengshihehulianwangbeijingxiashichangfazhanqushidexinxiaofeichangjing、新消費業態、xinxiaofeimoshi,zaizuidachengdumanzuxiaofeizheshendutiyandetongshi,weichengshiwanghongxianxiangzhuruchixubuduandefazhandongliyuzhanxinhuoli,yanchangchengshiwanghongxianxiangdeshichangfazhanzhouqi。liru,changshadechayanyuesenenggouchixuzouhong,yubentuwenhuadeneihanchuangxinhuafazhanhechanpindingzhihuayanfamibukefen。youru,haerbindebingxuelvyouyihongzaihong,yeyubingxuewenhuadeshenduwajue、冰雪產業的跨界融合、度假旅遊的迭代開發、冰bing雪xue市shi場chang的de精jing準zhun把ba握wo高gao度du相xiang關guan。顯xian而er易yi見jian,城cheng市shi網wang紅hong現xian象xiang可ke以yi在zai短duan時shi間jian內nei獲huo得de市shi場chang高gao度du關guan注zhu,吸xi引yin大da量liang遊you客ke前qian往wang打da卡ka,進jin而er提ti升sheng城cheng市shi文wen化hua影ying響xiang力li和he知zhi名ming度du,區qu域yu文wen化hua創chuang新xin是shi城cheng市shi網wang紅hong現xian象xiang走zou向xiang長chang紅hong的de重zhong要yao抓zhua手shou。
zaiyishanghaiwukangdalousuozaijiequweili,dangdichengweichengshiwanghongdakadiyiyoushiyunian。jiequxiangguanbumenzaichuanchenghechuangxinquyuwenhuafangmianjinxingdeyouyitansuo,bujintishenglewukangdaloujiqizhoubianquyudewenhuapinzhi,yeweiguoneiwaiyouketigonglegengjiafengfudewenhuatiyan,zhidejiejian。yishiyidalougaizaoweihexindejuzhuwenhuachuangxin。qianxienian,zaiduiwukangdaloujinxingxiushanshi,dangdizaibaoliuyuanyoujianzhufenggedejichushang,rongrulebushaoxiandaishejiyuansu,jirangjumindeshenghuohuanjingdedaochongfengaishan,youshidedaloudegonggongshenghuokongjiandedaoxiangyingyouhua,chengweirenmenguanchahelejieshanghaibainianlaodaloujuminshenghuodeyigeyangbanchuangkou。ershiyiwukangdalouwailimiangaizaohewangxianrudiweidaibiaodejiequjingguanwenhuagengxin。tongguogongyidechuangxinyouhua,wukangdaloudejianzhuwaiguangengjiafuhexiandaichengshideshenmeixuqiu,manzuledangxianianqingrenpaizhaodakadexuqiu。erwangxianrudigongchengyoujidadigaishanlejiequshijiaohuanjing,rangwukangdalouyilanwuyu,manzulerenmenwusijiaopaizhaoliuniandeyuanwang。sanshiyidazaoyuandianguangchangweibiaozhidechengshiweigengxinyangben。dangdijiangyuanlaidexingrentongdaoxiangwaituozhanle3.6米,形成了約500平方米的原點廣場,遊客打卡、居民出行各行其是,困擾街區多年的矛盾與衝突迎刃而解。此外,當地還積極與周邊區域進行“文化+百業”業(ye)態(tai)配(pei)置(zhi)創(chuang)新(xin),為(wei)遊(you)客(ke)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)更(geng)加(jia)多(duo)元(yuan)的(de)文(wen)旅(lv)消(xiao)費(fei)活(huo)動(dong)空(kong)間(jian),滿(man)足(zu)了(le)不(bu)同(tong)遊(you)客(ke)的(de)多(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)需(xu)求(qiu)。正(zheng)是(shi)區(qu)域(yu)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)常(chang)變(bian)常(chang)新(xin),才(cai)贏(ying)得(de)遊(you)客(ke)的(de)常(chang)來(lai)常(chang)往(wang),實(shi)現(xian)了(le)城(cheng)市(shi)網(wang)紅(hong)現(xian)象(xiang)與(yu)區(qu)域(yu)文(wen)化(hua)傳(chuan)承(cheng)創(chuang)新(xin)的(de)互(hu)促(cu)共(gong)進(jin)。
綜zong上shang所suo述shu,一yi方fang麵mian,城cheng市shi網wang紅hong現xian象xiang通tong過guo展zhan示shi和he傳chuan播bo城cheng市shi的de多duo元yuan文wen化hua元yuan素su,增zeng強qiang了le公gong眾zhong對dui城cheng市shi本ben土tu文wen化hua的de認ren同tong感gan和he歸gui屬shu感gan,為wei文wen化hua的de傳chuan承cheng和he弘hong揚yang提ti供gong了le更geng廣guang闊kuo的de空kong間jian和he更geng多duo的de可ke能neng性xing。另ling一yi方fang麵mian,城cheng市shi網wang紅hong現xian象xiang也ye激ji發fa了le本ben土tu文wen化hua創chuang新xin的de活huo力li,促cu進jin了le傳chuan統tong文wen化hua與yu現xian代dai元yuan素su的de融rong合he,創chuang造zao出chu具ju有you時shi代dai特te色se的de新xin文wen化hua形xing態tai,為wei城cheng市shi文wen化hua的de創chuang新xin發fa展zhan生sheng成cheng新xin的de動dong能neng。城cheng市shi管guan理li者zhe應ying該gai牢lao牢lao把ba握wo網wang紅hong現xian象xiang帶dai來lai的de機ji遇yu,深shen入ru挖wa掘jue和he傳chuan播bo城cheng市shi文wen化hua內nei涵han和he特te色se,持chi續xu推tui動dong文wen化hua的de傳chuan承cheng與yu創chuang新xin,讓rang城cheng市shi網wang紅hong現xian象xiang成cheng為wei展zhan示shi城cheng市shi綜zong合he形xing象xiang、提升城市文化軟實力的重要途徑。